StopIGM.org

Peaceful Vigil #6 vs. “ESPU 2014” Mutilators, Innsbruck 10.05.2014

One abstract stuck out from the presentations at the “25th Anniversary Meeting of the European Society for Paediatric Urology”: Doctors at Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Münster (Germany) for once made the effort to actually put the old medical fairy tale purported by the mutilators guild until today, “Undescended testes can’t produce hormones and are sterile anyway” to a practical test by examining 8 persons with “uncorrected abdominal undescended testes” aged 14–36.

Lo and behold: Their results defied current medical “knowledge” – but confirmed what intersex persons and their organsiations have been claiming for decades: Abdominal testes usually have normal hormone production – and in many cases (in patients aged 14, 16 and 30 (!)) even spermatogenesis sufficient for fatherhood!

For the authors of the presentation these findings were the reason enough to actually call for a review of the current medical practice for “undescended testes”. If the mutilator’s guild will heed this call and take appropriate action remains to be seen.

During one of our peaceful vigils, we had the opportunity to briefly discuss the findings with presenter Karen Czeloth and to thank her for this courageous effort. She personally confirmirmed the findings, and told us, when extracting sperms direcly from the testes, also many klinefelter persons have a chance of fatherhood.

These explosive findings presented at the “25th ESPU 2014” will hopefully increase the pressure on “know all” IGM doctors who (now against better knowledge!) continue to allege that all abdominal testes must be immediately removed or surgically “brought down” and transfixed to the scrotum in the name of fertility and an (allegedly) “high cancer risk”, as well as providing human rights bodies (e.g. WHO, CAT, SRT) with additional ammunition to criticise systematic catrations of intersex children (often under eugenic-racist-nazi implications). And last but not least open the floodgates for lawsuits against mutilators, who incurably choose to continue to castrate intersex persons without actual medical need!

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
Documents 17 Forms of IGMs and Nazi-Crimes a.o. in CH, D, A
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents

Markus Bauer (Zwischengeschlecht.org) is an invited speaker at “Genital Autonomy 2014” / Abstracts (PDF) in Boulder (Colorado), July 24-26. Together with fellow activist Hida Viloria (OII), Markus will represent intersex issues at GA 2014.
“Genital Autonomy”, established in 1989, is a bi-annual international symposium on children’s rights promoting interdisciplinary dialogue about genital cutting practices of male, female, and intersex children. The last symposium’s (abstracts, PDF) speakers on intersex in 2012 were Julius Kaggwa (SIPD, Uganda) and Mika Venhola (youtube-interview), and the symposium issued the 2012 “Helsinki Declaration of the Right to Genital Autonomy”.

Abstract: “Legislation to end Intersex Genital Mutilation: A social movement whose time has come?”

In 1950, systematic early cosmetic genital surgeries on children with variations of sex anatomy were introduced in North America and Europe, and eventually became the de-facto medical standard all over the ‘developed world’. In 1993, survivors started organising against this practice, deploring loss of sexual sensation, framing the non-consensual surgeries as grave human rights violations, namely against the right to physical integrity, and as Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGM), calling for legislation.

Since 2012, after a resurgence of political intersex activism including use of nonviolent action, human rights mechanisms, and lawsuits against perpetrators, this call for legislation has finally been recognised as legitimate and necessary by national and international ethics and human rights bodies, and echoed in parliament.

I’ll analyse the ongoing 20-year-struggle to end IGM in terms of grassroots’ models of social movements, and discuss how an emerging global intersex social movement can succeed in banning IGM within the next decade.

Markus Bauer is the co-founder and campaign organiser of the international human rights NGO Zwischengeschlecht.org / StopIGM.org, and legally responsible for their online presence. He is the partner of an intersex person, and a decade-long writer, editor, performing artist, political activist, and social organiser. Since 2007, he facilitated countless nonviolent intersex protests in front of mutilators’ clinics and medical congresses, as well as parliamentary motions, submissions and testimonies for ethics and human rights bodies. He has spoken and published internationally on IGM at universities and symposia, and appeared on radio and television, and in newspapers and magazines, including the Wall Street Journal. Zurich, Switzerland.

VIDEO Action vs. ‘I-D$D’ Genital Mutilators!
4th I-D$D Symposium, Glasgow 2013
Thanks to Richard Duncker (MenDoComplain)

>>> on Vimeo

VIDEO Action vs. ‘ISHID’ Live Mutilators!
IV ISHID World Congress, London 2012
Thanks to Richard Duncker (MenDoComplain)
>>> on Youtube 

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
Documents 17 Forms of IGMs and Nazi-Crimes a.o. in CH, D, A
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents

>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)  >>> Table of Contents  >>> Collective NGO Report
[ UPDATE 2015 ]  UNCRC: IGM Parctices = “Harmful Practice” + “Violence”!

D.  The Treatment of Intersex Persons as a Violation of International Law

“Genital mutilation of intersex children damages genital sensitivity in irreversible ways; it causes post-surgical trauma, and the internalization of brutal prejudices denying or stigmatizing the diversity that in reality human bodies show. […] The difference in genitalia cannot justify, under any pretext whatsoever, ethical and political hierarchies: cannot justify mutilation, because it never normalizes but does the opposite. For us, mutilation creates a permanent status of human rights violation and inhumanity.”
Mauro Cabral, CESCR NGO Statement 2004 [66]

For 21 years now, intersex people from all over the world, and their organisations have been publicly denouncing IGMs as destructive of sexual sensation, and as a violation of basic human rights, notably the right to physical integrity. [67] For 18 years, they have lobbied for legislation against IGMs to end the impunity of perpetrators due to statutes of limitation. [68] For 17 years, they have been invoking the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child to fight IGMs, [69] and for 10 years they have been reporting IGM to the UN as a human rights violation. [70] This NGO report marks the 5th time that persons concerned, NGOs and/or a NHRI report IGMs as a relevant issue to the Commission on the Rights of the Child, and the 3rd Swiss NGO report to an UN commission to highlight IGMs (see Bibliography, p. 30).

In Switzerland, like in every intersex community, meanwhile several generations of intersex persons, their partners and families, as well as NGOs and other human rights and bioethics experts, have again and again described IGM as a human rights issue, [71] as harmful and traumatising, [72] as a western form of genital mutilation, [73] as child sexual abuse, [74] and have called for legislation to end it. [75] (Cases No. 1–6)

The UN Committees CEDAW, CESCR and CAT, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR), the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (SRT), the World Health Organisation (WHO), the Council of Europe (COE), and last but not least the Swiss National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics (NEK) have already recognised the human rights violations perpetrated on intersex children, and demanded legislative measures (NEK, SRT, COE), historical reappraisal, acknowledgement by society of suffering inflicted (NEK) and compensation for victims (NEK, CAT) (see Bibliography, p. 28).

 

66 Mauro Cabral (2004), NGO Statement: Intersexuality, http://ilga.org/ilga/en/article/61
67 Cheryl Chase (1993), Letter to The Sciences RE: The Five Sexes, http://www.isna.org/articles/chase1995a
68 Cheryl Chase (1996), Female Genital Mutilation in the U.S. Discussion, https://www.h-net.org/~women/threads/mut.html
69 Cheryl Chase (1998), ISNA’s Amicus Brief on Intersex Genital Surgery, http://www.isna.org/node/97
70 Mauro Cabral (2004), NGO Statement: Intersexuality, http://ilga.org/ilga/en/article/61
71 Clare O’Dea (2009), Doctors “playing God with children’s sex”, swissinfo 26.08.2009, http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/Home/Archive/Doctors_playing_God_with_childrens_sex.html?cid=981950
72 Nikola Biller-Andorno (2006), Zum Umgang mit Intersex: Gibt es Wege jenseits der Zuordnung des «richtigen Geschlechts»? Schweizerische Ärztezeitung 47:2047-2048, at 2047, http://www.saez.ch/docs/saez/archiv/de/2006/2006-47/2006-47-283.PDF
73 Mirjam Werlen (2008), Rechtlicher Schutz für Kinder mit uneindeutigem Geschlecht, in: Michael Groneberg, Kathrin Zehnder (eds.) (2008), «Intersex». Geschlechtsanpassungen zum Wohle des Kindes? Erfahrungen und Analysen:178–215, at 184
74 Kathrin Zehnder (2010), Zwitter beim Namen nennen. Intersexualität zwischen Pathologie, Selbstbestimmung und leiblicher Erfahrung, at 201
75 Swiss National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics NEK-CNE (2012), On the management of differences of sex development. Ethical issues relating to “intersexuality”, Opinion No. 20/2012, Recommendation 15, at 19, online

 

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
Documents 17 Forms of IGMs and Nazi-Crimes a.o. in CH, D, A
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents

>>> Collective CRC NGO Report on IGMs
[ UPDATE 2015 ]  UNCRC: IGM Practices = “Harmful Practice” + “Violence”!

>>> Open Letter of Concern to ‘WOFAPS 2013’ Surgeons (PDF) 

Hip, hip!  On October 1, 2013 the Council of Europe in Strassbourg (COE) – not to be confused with the EU in Brussels – during their 31st session passed the  >>> Resolution 1952 (2013) “Children’s right to physical integrity” (PDF) with a good majority (78 Yay, 13 Nay, 15 Abstentions). 

The resolution unmistakably criticises Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGM) – WITHOUT any gender-sexology-etc.-fuss, but with a clear, human rights based distinction between medically necessary vs. cosmetic procedures, and incl. a call for legislation! Following the example set by the Swiss National Ethics Commission (NEK-CNE) and the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture. Zwischengeschlecht.org, amongst other organisations, has been lobbying Members of the COE, providing often neglected facts about the ongoing mutilations as grave violations of basic human rights. Big thanks to everybody contributing to the final result!

Relevant excerpts from the resolution (emphasis added by Zwischengeschlecht.org):

“[…] 2. The Parliamentary Assembly is particularly worried about a category of violation of the physical integrity of children, which supporters of the procedures tend to present as beneficial to the children themselves despite clear evidence to the contrary. This includes, amongst others, female genital mutilation, the circumcision of young boys for religious reasons, early childhood medical interventions in the case of intersexual children and the submission to or coercion of children into piercings, tattoos or plastic surgery.

[…]

6. The Assembly strongly recommends that member States promote further awareness in their societies of the potential risks that some of the above mentioned procedures may have on children’s physical and mental health, and take legislative and policy measures that help reinforce child protection in this context.

[…]

7. The Assembly therefore calls on member States to:

7.1. examine the prevalence of different categories of non-medically justified operations and interventions impacting on the physical integrity of children in their respective countries, as well as the specific practices related to them, and to carefully consider them in light of the best interests of the child in order to define specific lines of action for each of them;

7.2. initiate focused awareness-raising measures for each of these categories of violation of the physical integrity of children, to be carried out in […] the medical sector (hospitals and individual practitioners) […];

[…]

7.4. initiate a public debate […], aimed at reaching a large consensus on the rights of children to protection against violations of their physical integrity according to human rights standards;

7.5. take the following measures with regard to specific categories of violation of children’s physical integrity:

[…]

7.5.3. undertake further research to increase knowledge about the specific situation of intersex people, ensure that no-one is subjected to unnecessary medical or surgical treatment that is cosmetic rather than vital for health during infancy or childhood, guarantee bodily integrity, autonomy and self-determination to persons concerned, and provide families with intersex children with adequate counselling and support;

[…]

7.7. raise awareness about the need to ensure the participation of children in decisions concerning their physical integrity wherever appropriate and possible, and to adopt specific legal provisions to ensure that certain operations and practices will not be carried out before a child is old enough to be consulted.”

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents  

STOP IGM Primer:
What everyone should know about Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGM)!
>>> Download (PDF, 1.95 MB) 

Photo: UNHRC UPR #14, Geneva 20.10.2012

>>> Table of Contents        >>> Download PDF (3.65 MB) 
>>>  Collective Child Rights Network Switzerland NGO Report on IGMs 
[ UPDATE 2015 ]  UNCRC: Intersex Genital Mutilations = “Harmful Practice” + “Violence”!

Executive Summary

Intersex children are born with variations of sex anatomy, including atypical genetic make-up, atypical sex hormone producing organs, atypical response to sex hormones, atypical genitals, atypical secondary sex markers. While intersex children may face several problems, in the “developed world” the most pressing are the ongoing Intersex Genital Mutilations, which present a distinct and unique issue constituting significant human rights violations (A).

IGMs include non-consensual, medically unnecessary, irreversible, cosmetic genital surgeries, and/or other harmful medical treatments that would not be considered for “normal” children, without evidence of benefit for the children concerned, but justified by societal and cultural norms and beliefs. (B 1.) Typical forms of IGMs include “masculinising” and “feminising” genital “correction”, castration, sterilisation, imposition of hormones, forced genital exams, vaginal dilations and medical display, human experimentation and selective abortion (B 2., Supplements “Historical Overview”, “Medical Textbooks”).

Since 1950, IGMs have been practised systematically and on an increasingly industrial scale allover the “developed world”, with Switzerland taking a leading role in the global dissemination, and all typical forms still practised in Switzerland today. Because “a hole” is surgically easier to shape than “a pole”, most “ambiguous” children were made into girls, until the 1990s often by amputation of their “enlarged clitoris.” Parents and children are misinformed, kept in the dark, sworn to secrecy and denied appropriate support (B 2.–3., Cases No. 1–6, Supplements “Historical Overview”, “Medical Textbooks”).

With Swiss government, health departments, health care providers, and health assurances refusing to disclose statistics, no actual numbers are available neither on the frequency of intersex births, estimated at 1:500–1:1000 (A 4.), nor on the frequency of IGMs, estimated at 90% of all intersex children and youths (B 3.).

IGMs cause lifelong serious physical and psychological complications, including loss or impairment of sexual sensation, painful scarring, painful intercourse, incontinence, serious problems with passing urine, increased sexual anxieties, less sexual activity, dissatisfaction with functional and aesthetic results, impairment or loss of reproductive capabilities, lifelong dependency of artificial hormones, significantly elevated rates of self-harming behaviour and suicidal tendencies, lifelong mental suffering and trauma. (B, Cases No. 1–6)

For more than 20 years, intersex people, NGOs, human rights and bioethics experts have criticised IGMs as harmful and traumatising, as a fundamental human rights violation, as western genital mutilation, and child sexual abuse, and called for legislation to end it (B, D).

The Swiss National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics (NEK), the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (SRT), the UN-Committees CEDAW and CAT, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR), the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Council of Europe (COE) criticise these interventions as a violation of human rights, demand legislative measures (NEK, SRT, COE), historical reappraisal, acknowledgement by society of suffering inflicted (NEK) and compensation for victims (NEK, CAT) (D).

The Swiss Federal Government, Cantonal Health Departments and National Medical Bodies still refuse to take action, but allow the human rights violations of intersex children and adolescents to continue unhindered (B 3., C, D, E, Annexe 2).

This NGO Report to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Swiss state report was compiled by Zwischengeschlecht.org, Intersex.ch, and SI Selbsthilfe Intersexualität. Elaborating on the paragraphs on IGM in the Child Rights Network Switzerland NGO Report (p. 25–26), it contains concluding recommendations (F).

>>> Table of Contents  >>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)  >>> Collective NGO Report on IGMs 

Click to enlarge!

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents  

STOP IGM Primer:
What everyone should know about Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGM)!
>>> Download (PDF, 1.95 MB) 

Foto: UNHRC Intersex Side Event, Geneva 11.03.2014  >>> Flyer (PDF) >>> Press (PDF)

Zwischengeschlecht.org’s contribution to the Joint Swiss NGO CRC Report 2014 (PDF), on p. 25–26:

Child Rights Network Switzerland:
Second and third NGO report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child

4.6 Protection against abuse: Genital mutilation

Assessment by the Child Rights Network Switzerland

[Intersex Genital Mutilations]

Since 1950, children with atypical sex anatomies (intersex, DSD, hermaphrodites) are systematically subjected to irreversible, medically unnecessary interventions in an attempt to fix their sex. Such interventions include cosmetic genital surgery, castration, sterilisation and hormone treatment. Swiss clinics were significantly involved in the global propagation of “genital correction surgeries”. As female sex organs are surgically easier to shape than male organs, most children were made into girls, often by amputating their “enlarged” clitoris. Parents were misinformed, kept in the dark and received no appropriate support. Treatment of such nature leads to serious physical and psychological complications. For the last 20 years, victims and NGOs have been criticising these interventions as a massive violation of human rights, including the right to physical integrity, denouncing them as “intersex genital mutilation”. The UN-Committees CEDAW and CAT, the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (SRT), the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR), the Council of Europe (COE) and the National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics (NEK) criticise these interventions as a violation of human rights and demand legislative measures (NEK, SRT, COE), historical reappraisal, acknowledgement by society of suffering inflicted (NEK) and compensation for victims (NEK, CAT).

The Child Rights Network Switzerland recommends that the Committee oblige Switzerland:

–– to implement the full range of recommendations by the National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics “On the management of differences of sex development” (intersex, DSD), to consider legislative measures banning cosmetic genital surgery on intersex children, to conduct a historical appraisal of the human rights violations inflicted on intersex children and youth in society, and to compensate victims in an appropriate manner;

(Unfortunately, all the subheaders in the section on mutilation were ‘lost in translation.’)

In addition, we made sure that on p. 15 of the report “Intersex” was not only mentioned in the assessment, but the “I” also added in the subheading and in the recommendations. 😉

Thanks to everybody who contributed to make this happen! As far as we know, this is the 4th time in a NGO/NHI Report to the CRC that cosmetic genital surgeries on intersex children were criticised as a serious human rights violation, and the 2nd time that IGM was actually named and spelled out!

What’s more, an additional specific Intersex CRC NGO Report, prepared together with Swiss peer support group Intersex.ch and Swiss parents peer support group SI Selbsthilfe Intersexualität, including supplemental General information on IGMs is now available!    >>> Download    >>> Executive Summary

Photo: 1. Peaceful Protest vs. “23rd ESPU 2012”, Zurich 09.05.2012   >>> Open Letter (PDF)

Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGMs), i.e. non-consenual, medically unnecessary genital surgeries, castrations and other invasive ‘therapies’ on children with variations of sex anatomy, have been perpetrated systematically since 1950 all over the ‘developed’ world.

Paediatric urologists are particularly do-or-die perpetrators of these ‘treatments’ violating the human rights of the children concerned, and in Austria, the Innsbruck Medical University and their children’s clinics are particularly infamous institutions.

What’s more, Austria is the country of origin of the racist and later official nazi diagnosis ‘Intersexual Constitution’, introducing the term ‘Intersex’ in human medicine in the 1920s, and moulding the medical discourse of intersex as ‘degenerated’, ‘pathological’ and ‘inferior’ until today, and the person coining the term was a professor of gynaecology in Innsbruck.

The ’25th Anniversary Meeting of the European Society of Paediatric Urologists (ESPU)’ promotes an abundance of IGMs, and its programme includes some of the world’s most notorious mutilators from all over, e.g. John Gearhart (Baltimore), Warren Snodgrass (Dallas), Pierre Mouriquand (Bron, France), Peter Cuckow (London), Christian Radmayr (Innsbruck), Joao Pippi Salle (Toronto), Berenice Bilharinho de Mendonça (São Paulo), Alaa El-Ghoneimi (Paris), etc.

Help reminding the perpetrators that it is NOT OK to mutilate defenceless children!

>>> All the dates here!

2 INFO NIGHTS Tue 6 + Wed 7   –   6 PEACEFUL PROTESTS Wed 7 – Sat 10

Intersex Genital Mutilations
Human Rights Violations Of Children With Variations Of Sex Anatomy
2014 NGO Report to the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
Documents 17 Forms of IGMs and Nazi-Crimes a.o. in CH, D, A
>>> Download PDF (3.65 MB)     >>> Table of Contents 

>>> John Gearhart (‘ESPU 2014’): ‘female orgasm = successful vaginal penetration’
>>> John Gearhart (‘ESPU 2014’): ‘Western Cutting of Clitorises is no Mutilation!’ 

See also:
• Open Letter of Concern to ‘4th WOFAPS’ 2013
• Open Letter of Concern to ‘9th Joint Meeting’ 2013
• Open Letter to ‘4th I-DSD Symposium’ 2013
• Open Letter to ’51st Annual Meeting of ESPE’ 2012
• Open Letter to ‘4th ISHID’ 2011
• Open Letter to ‘3rd EuroDSD Symposium 2011’
• Documentation ‘Intersex Genital Mutilations’ (PDF, 2.4 MB)   [ TRIGGER WARNING!!! ]

Read moreStudy: How Parents ‘Consenting’ to Intersex Genital Mutilations (IGMs) do so because of Biased Information given by Doctors

The interview with Daniela “Nella” Truffer (Zwischengeschlecht.org):

– You were also born as an intersex person. Could you please tell us your story?
– How were you treated when you grew up?
– When were you operated on and why?
– What consequence did this operation have for you then and now?
– What would you have wanted your parents and doctors to do?
– Do you still feel confronted with prejudices in your every day life?

I was born with so called atypical genitalia.
The doctors couldn’t tell if I was a boy or a girl.
At two and a half months they castrated me, they threw my testicles in the garbage bin.
When I was seven they cut off my genital to make me look more like a girl.
The doctors always lied to me and my parents.
I spent my life in fear, pain and shame. I couldn’t talk to anybody.
Only after meeting others like me I found out that I wasn’t alone.
I wish I could have grown up without surgery and decided myself.
When I started to talk about the mutilations to the media I lost my job.

– What do you think about Germany’s new law?
– Do you think it addresses the core issues of intersexual people?
– Why do you say it discriminates against people?

This new law is stigmatising, bound to result in more pressure on parents and more intersex genital mutilations.
Persons concerned were NOT consulted. We demand legislation to end the surgeries.
For 60 years now, western states condone clitoris amputations on intersex babies.
In June 2013, the German parliament approved the doctors to continue.

>>> Documentation ‘Intersex Genital Mutilations: History & Current Practice’ 
>>> IGM Primer: What everyone should know about Intersex Genital Mutilations!